Idolophu yaseBílina ikwiNgingqi yase-Ústí, kwiSithili saseTeplice, malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-90 kumntla-ntshona wePrague. Idolophu imi kwintlambo yomlambo iBílina, phakathi kweMost neTeplice. Inani labemi beso sixeko li-15 200. Ijikelezwe yinduli yaseChlum, kwaye amathambeka "e-Kyselkové hory" induli yaseKaňkova yolulela ngasentshona. Emazantsi, intaba enkulu yephonolite (intsimbi) iyenyuka Bořen, ekubonakaleni kwayo kufana nengonyama ehleliyo kwaye yenza into evelele kwindawo ebanzi.
Imbali yesixeko saseBílina:
UBílina ngowe-1789
Igama lesixeko lisuka kwisichazi esithi "bílý" (emhlophe) kwaye igama elithi Bielina kwasekuqaleni lalijongwe ukuchaza indawo emhlophe, okt indawo egawulweyo. Ingxelo yokuqala ebhaliweyo malunga neBílina ibuyele kwi-993 kwaye ivela kwi-Czech yembali yakudala yaseKosm, echaza imfazwe phakathi kukaBřetislav I kunye nomlawuli waseJamani uHenry III. Emva koko iBílina yaba sisixeko esiyinkosana seLobkovics. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, yayisesinye sezona zixeko zixhotyisiweyo kuMbindi Yurophu. Ngenxa yobuhle bayo bendalo kunye nezixhobo ze-spa, iBílina yayisoloko ityelelwa ngabantu ababalulekileyo bobugcisa nesayensi.
Idolophu yasentwasahlobo edume kwihlabathi lonke iBílina
Imithombo yeBílinská kyselka, iiperile zamanzi aphilisayo aseYurophu
IBílina yidolophu yasentwasahlobo eyaziwa kwihlabathi lonke enkosi Iviniga emhlophe a Jaječice amanzi akrakra. Yomibini le mithombo yokuphilisa yendalo yeyobutyebi besizwe saseCzech kwaye ibisaziwa kwihlabathi eliphucukileyo kangangeenkulungwane, njengoko i-encyclopedia yehlabathi yokuqala ibakhankanya. Ukufakwa kweebhotile zale mithombo yoqobo kwenzeka ngobuchwepheshe bale mihla ngokuthe ngqo kwindawo yokuqala yolawulo lweshishini kunye nezorhwebo lwemithombo yaseLobkovice.
Incwadana enemifanekiso ethetha ngeBílina namanzi ayo aphilisayo ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-19.
Umbhali wengxelo uVáclav Hájek waseLibočany sele ekhankanya amanzi okuphilisa eBílina kwisiqingatha sokuqala senkulungwane ye-16. Ngowe-1712 kwakukho imithombo yamanzi Bílinské kyselky yacoca yaza yamkela iindwendwe zokuqala. Ukususela ngoko, inkqubo yokuqokelela iye yaphuculwa ngokuqhubekayo ukuya kumaqula akhoyo ngobunzulu bemitha engama-200. Iingcali ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ziye zafaka isandla ekusasazeni ulwazi malunga ne-spa. Kodwa uninzi lwebhunga lenkundla yaseLobkovic, i-geologist, i-balneologist kunye nogqirha uFrantišek Ambrož Reuss (1761-1830) - ugqirha waseCzech, i-balneologist, i-mineralogist kunye ne-geologist eyaqinisekisa ukusebenza kwe-Bílina yokuphilisa amanzi. Unyana wakhe u-August Emanuel Reuss (1811-1873) - Isazi sendalo saseCzech-Austrian, i-paleontologist yaqhubeka nomsebenzi wayo wesayensi efunda ukusetyenziswa kwezonyango kwi-Bílinská kunye ne-Zaječická yamanzi. Ngenkulungwane ye-19, abemi bedolophu yaseBílina bakha ilitye lesikhumbuzo elikhulu kubo bobabini ukusuka kwingqokelela kamasipala, eyona nto ibalaseleyo kwiziko le-spa laseBílina.
Ukususela ekuqaleni, oogqirha bancomela iBílinská kyselka kwizifo zephecana lokuphefumla, ukuphefumla, kwisigaba sokuqala sesifo sephepha semiphunga, kwizifo zezintso kunye nomgudu womchamo, ngakumbi ubukho bamatye kunye nesanti, kunye ne-rheumatism kwaye, ekugqibeleni. kodwa kuncinci, ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwenkqubo ye-nervous, njenge-hysteria kunye ne-hypochondria. Wayekho kulo lonke ixesha le-Austria-Hungary kunye ne-socialism Bílinská kyselka esetyenziswa njengesiselo ezibhedlele kunye nesiselo esikhuselayo kwishishini elinzima. Omnye wootata bekhemistri yehlabathi wayenoxanduva lolwando olumangalisayo kumhlaba weSvern. UJJ Berzelius, owanikezela ezininzi zemisebenzi yakhe yobungcali kwi-Bílina Spa.
Iencyclopedia yokuqala eyashicilelwa ngesiCzech ithetha ngeBílinská ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane ye-2, amanzi eBílinská, abhalwe “njengamuncu” ngenxa yomxholo wamaqamza ekharbon diokside, aqala ukugalelwa kwiijagi zodongwe kwaye asasazwa kwihlabathi liphela. Iivenkile zakhawuleza zaphumelela ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwayo kwidolophu ye-spa yaseTeplice. Iindwendwe ezidumileyo ze-spa yeTeplice edumileyo zakhawuleza zasasaza udumo lwazo Bílinské kyselky kwihlabathi liphela kwaye kungekudala wabizwa ngokuba yikumkanikazi yemithombo yokuphilisa yealkali yaseYurophu.
Zaječická amanzi akrakra, owona mthombo wetyuwa ukrakra ehlabathini
Ngo-1726, uGqr. Le yayiyimithombo ekudala ifunwa yokuthatha indawo ye-laxative yendalo yonke, ityuwa ekrakra, kwihlabathi liphela. Lo mthombo wetyuwa ukrakra ehlabathini, owaziwa ngokuba yiSedlecká, ukhuthaze icandelo lekhemesti elikhulayo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi "saddle powders" zaveliswa ukusuka eNew Zealand ukuya eIreland. Ezi zimbini zomgubo ezimhlophe ezihlanganiswe kunye zenzelwe ukuxelisa iimveliso ezaziwayo zedolophu yasentwasahlobo eyaziwayo yaseBílina. Kodwa yayizezomgunyathi nje.
Ngo-1725 - B. Hoffmann ubhengeza kwihlabathi ngokufunyanwa kweZaječická (Sedlecká) amanzi akrakra.
Ngenkulungwane ye-19, i-spa yanda, kwakhiwa ipaki enkulu, kwaye kamva indlu yokuhlambela enkulu kwisitayela se-pseudo-Renaissance, apho izifo zendlela yokuphefumula ephezulu zaphathwa. Emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, indawo ye-spa yenziwa yaza yabizwa ngegama likaJulio Fučík phantsi kobusoshiyali. Ngenxa yomoya ombi kule ndawo, kwakungasenakwenzeka ukunyanga izifo zokuphefumula apha, kwaye i-spa yaphinda yaziqhelanisa kwakhona ukuze incede emva kokuhlinzwa kwisisu kunye namathumbu amancinci. Ipaki yenqaba kunye neendawo eziyingqongileyo azizange zigcinwe kwaye zawela ekudakaleni ekuhambeni kwexesha.
Ngeminyaka yee-70, uBílina wafumana iwonga ledolophu yasespa, kwaye oku kwabhengeza uphuhliso olutsha lweendawo zokuzipholela. Ipaki yahlaziywa kwaye ibala legalufa elincinci lenzelwe iindwendwe, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-3 yezigulane zinyangwa apha ngonyaka, kodwa abazange bazuze ngokuphefumla kwesikhululo samandla esikufutshane okanye ungcoliseko oluqhelekileyo lommandla waseNorth Bohemian.
Icandelo lasekwa nguBÍLINA
Emva kwe-1989, intsapho yaseLobkowitz yafumana i-Spa ye-Kyselka ekubuyiseleni, kwaye indawo leyo yahlulwe yaba yiplanti yamanzi amaminerali kunye ne-spa. Ngoku indawo ejikeleze i-spa iphucula rhoqo kwaye ithemba lihle kakhulu ngenxa yokunciphisa imigodi kunye ne-desulphurization yezityalo zamandla. Izakhiwo zasentwasahlobo ngoku zakhiwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye isityalo semveliso yanamhlanje sisasaza izixhobo zokuphilisa zendalo zeBílina kwiimarike zasekhaya nakwihlabathi, apho zimele isixeko saseBílina kakuhle kakhulu.
Bořen (539 m ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle):
IMount Bořeň ngokungathandabuzekiyo ngowona mqondiso mkhulu wedolophu yaseBílina, ekumgama oziikhilomitha ezi-2 kuphela xa unomyayi ebhabha. I-silhouette yayo enamagophe anyukayo ukuya phezulu ahluke ngokupheleleyo kwimilo yayo kungekuphela nje kwi-Czech Central Highlands, kodwa kuyo yonke iRiphabhliki yaseCzech xa iyonke. UJ.W. Goethe wenza esi sithunzi izihlandlo ezininzi ebudeni bokuhlala kwakhe eBílina. UA. v. Humboldt wabiza uhambo olusuka eBořen lolona hambo lubangela umdla ehlabathini.
Nangona intaba ngokwayo ilele ngaphandle komda wolawulo wendawo ekhuselweyo, ngokufanelekileyo yeyezona mpawu zibalulekileyo zeBohemian Central Highlands. Enkosi kubume bayo obukhulu kunye nomnqantsa welitye, ukutyelela e-Bořná kuninzi esinokukunika. Kwaye oku kwiindawo ezininzi: Umbono ojikelezayo omhle wodonga lweeNtaba ze-Ore, i-České středohoří, idolophu yaseBílinu kunye neRadovets yokulahla, i-pod Orešnohorská basin, okanye i-Doupovské Mountains ezikude zitsala abakhenkethi abaninzi. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo bayakuthakazelela ukumila kwamatye amaninzi ngendlela yeenduli ezinamatye, iindonga eziphakamileyo zamatye, iinqaba zamatye ezimileyo, ingqushu yamatye kunye nokuqhekeka kwamatye.
Ngoko ke ayimangalisi into yokuba ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, iBořeň ikwayeyona ndawo idumileyo yokunyuka kwindawo ebanzi. Iindonga zamatye ukuya kuthi ga kwi-100 m ukuphakama zide zivumele ukunyuka komphakamo ophakamileyo, uqeqesho lokunyuka lunokwenziwa apha ehlotyeni nasebusika. Kodwa iBořeň ayithandeki nje ngokwembono yomntu ngenxa yokwahluka kwayo, ubume bayo bejoloji bubonelela ngenani leentlobo ezizodwa zezityalo nezilwanyana. Kungenxa yoko le nto indawo yaseBořně, enendawo epheleleyo yeehektare ezingama-23, yabhengezwa njengendawo yolondolozo lwendalo yesizwe ngo-1977.
Indawo yokudlela yasehlathini ICaffé Pavillon, eyaziwa ngokuba yi "Kafáč":
Indawo yokudlela yasehlathini edumileyo, ikopi yehotele yaseSweden kunye nesikhumbuzo sokuqalwa kodumo lukaBílinská eScandinavia (Enkosi ngomsebenzi kaJ. J. Berzelia) yayimi kumboniso wejubhile yengingqi ePrague ngo-1891, kwaye kwiminyaka emibini elandelayo yavela. yakhiwe kwindawo yayo yangoku, apho yaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yepaki ye-spa yaseBílin. Indawo yokutyela yasehlathini yayiyindawo yoxolo kwaye iyindawo yoxolo.
Izibonelelo zemidlalo:
Aquapark:
Kwikhompleksi uya kufumana ibala lebhola yevoli elunxwemeni, ibala lebhola yomnyazi, itafile yekhonkrithi yentenetya yetafile, kunye nenkundla yepétanque. Izixhobo zemidlalo zinokuqeshwa kwindawo yokwamkela iindwendwe. Umtsalane wamanzi ane-inflatable kunye ne-toboggan ziyafumaneka kwiindwendwe ngaphandle kwentlawulo eyongezelelweyo. Ngo-2012, indawo entsha ejikeleze ichibi yakhiwe ngeplastiki yekhonkrithi, eyathatha indawo endala, ehlala ixobula iithayile. Abatyeleli be-pool banokuthatha ithuba lokutshixa okutsha kogcino kunye nezitshixo zokhuseleko ezisebenza ngemali ezinkozo ezithatha lula ubhaka ophakathi okanye ibhegi yaselwandle. Idama lokuqubha livulwa yonke imihla ukusuka ngo-10:00 kusasa ukuya ku-19:00 p.m.
Imyuziyam yaManzi okuphilisa kunye neMineraloji:
Kwisakhiwo esiphambili secandelo lolawulo lwemithombo kukho iziko loLwazi kunye nemyuziyam yemineralogy, imigodi kunye norhwebo ngamanzi okuphilisa endalo. Isityalo sasentwasahlobo silungiselela uhambo oluqhelekileyo kunye neeklasi zezikolo, uluntu oluqeqeshiweyo kunye nabakhenkethi. Igumbi lenkomfa likwakhona ukuze kuqeqeshwe imini yonke ekusebenziseni izixhobo zokuphilisa zendalo.
Iinkundla zethenisi:
Rhoqo ngonyaka kwisiqingatha sesibini sika-Epreli, iinkundla zentenetya eBílina zivulelwa iindwendwe. Ngexesha lonyaka, iintendelezo zivulwa ukusuka ngo-08:30 kusasa ukuya ku-20:30 ebusuku. Iindwendwe zinokugcina iinkundla, kwaye ungasebenzisa ukhetho lokujikeleza iirakethi zentenetya. Iinkundla zethenisi zinokufumaneka: Kyselská 410, Bílina.
Igalufa encinci:
Unokufumana ulonwabo, kodwa uphumle xa undwendwela igalufa encinci. Iiyure zokusebenza ze-minigolf kwixesha ukuya kwi-30.06.2015/14/00 zimi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: NgoMvulo ukuya ngoLwesihlanu 19:00–10:00, ngoMgqibelo nangeCawa 19:00–411:XNUMX – minigolf ingafunyanwa: Kyselská XNUMX, Bílina .
Ibala lemidlalo lasebusika:
Ukususela ngowama-2001, uBílina ebenandipha ibala lemidlalo lasebusika elinophahla. Isetyenziswa ikakhulu ngamacandelo olutsha. Uluntu nalo lungayonwabela imidlalo apha. I-skating kawonkewonke yenzeke amaxesha amaninzi ngeveki ngexesha lonyaka ukusuka ngoSeptemba ukuya kuMatshi. Abantwana abavela kwii-kindergartens nakwizikolo zamabanga aphantsi nabo bachitha iiklasi zemfundo yezomzimba apha. Iiyure zangokuhlwa zigcinelwe abadlali behoki abangabhaliswanga.