Amaphepha kazwelonke 2/8/1936
UHenry REICH
Onke amanzi ayingomanzi amaminerali.
Malunga namanzi amaminerali kunye netyuwa.
Siphila kwixesha lababambeleyo kunye nemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo yobungqongqo. Ngalo lonke ixesha sifunda iingxelo ezahlukahlukeneyo kumaphephandaba, zityhila ukuba yintoni na ethatyathelwa indawo phesheya. Njengakwamanye amazwe, izinto ezibambeleyo ezahlukeneyo ziveliswa kwilizwe lethu, ubukhulu becala zithengwa kumazwe angaphandle, nto leyo eza kwamkelwa ngezizathu zoqoqosho zelizwe.
Nangona kunjalo, ihluke ngokupheleleyo kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto ezithatha indawo kunye neemveliso ezingazange zingeniswe kuthi kwinqanaba elikhulu, kodwa ngokuchaseneyo, zathunyelwa kuthi ngobuninzi. Njengomzekelo, kumanzi ezimbiwa, izinto ezibambeleyo eziye zaveliswa ngobuninzi kwilizwe lethu kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Nangona kunjalo, asinakuvumelana ngokupheleleyo nale mveliso, njengoko ilimaza kuphela iimfuno zethu zezoqoqosho zelizwe. Namhlanje ndifuna ukukhankanya ngokufutshane iindawo ezithatha indawo yamanzi amaminerali kunye neetyuwa zasentwasahlobo, kunye nendlela ezithengiswa ngayo.
Okokuqala, ndiza kukhankanya into ebizwa ngokuba yitafile yamanzi eveliswa kumzi-mveliso wethu njengethathela indawo yamanzi amaminerali endalo. Ezi zibambela ziveliswa ngomlinganiselo osoloko ukhula, kwaye mhlawumbi kuya kuba nzima ukuphendula umbuzo wokuba kutheni ziveliswa ngokwenene, kuba akukho mbuzo wokuba ziyimfuneko nje endaweni yamanzi endalo nezimbiwa eziphilisayo. Kwaye kungenxa yokuba kukho intsalela epheleleyo yemithombo yezimbiwa zendalo kwilizwe lethu. Kodwa nazo aziveliswanga ngenxa yexabiso, kuba kule mihla amanzi amaninzi amaminerali endalo athengiswa ngexabiso elifanayo namanzi etafile enziweyo.
Ukwanda kwemveliso yala manzi ke ngoko kunokubangelwa kukunqongophala kolwazi kwicala labathengi, abathi kwiimeko ezininzi bakholelwa ukuba kwiibhotile apho amanzi endalo amaminerali ahlala ebonelelwa, akunakubakho enye ngaphandle kwezo. yasebenza ngolo hlobo.
Ukongeza, kuyenzeka ukuba umgangatho wamanzi amaminerali ugwetywe ngabathengi, hayi ngokweziphumo zonyango, incasa yamanzi amaminerali ekuthethwa ngawo okanye ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali zawo, kodwa ngokwendlela amanzi akhazimla ngayo. Abathengi abangenalwazi banoluvo lokuba ngakumbi iiperile zamanzi, kungcono, kodwa olu luluvo olungalunganga ngokupheleleyo, kuba inani leeperile linokumiselwa ngokungqongqo kunye nezinto ezibambeleneyo ezenziweyo ngendlela elula yokuba amanzi axutywe kunye. isixa esikhulu se-carbonic acid eyenziweyo.
Nangona kunjalo, imeko iyahluke kumanzi amaminerali endalo, apho ukuguqulwa okufanayo akunakwenziwa, njengoko la manzi aqukethe i-carbonic acid yendalo. Umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini ze-acids kukuba eyokuqala, eyenziweyo, inyanzeliswa emanzini phantsi koxinzelelo, okubangela ukuba iphele ngokukhawuleza xa ibhotile ivuliwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amanzi amaminerali endalo aqulethe i-carbonic acid eboshwe ngokwemvelo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba inxalenye ye-carbonic acid ibotshelelwe ngezinye izinto ezimbiwa ngendlela ye-bicarbonates. Iba ngumphunga ngokucothayo kwaye emva kwexesha elide ibhotile ivuliwe singakwazi ukujonga umkhondo wayo emanzini.
Kuyafana nakwisisu sethu. Ukuba i-asidi ikhutshwe ngokukhawuleza emanzini, kukho ingozi yokuba inkqubo ye-radical inokubangela ukuba isisu sinciphise, sandise okanye sande. Ngamanzi amaminerali endalo, ingozi efanayo ayibandakanywa, kuba la manzi aqulethe i-carbonic acid kunye neentsalela ezingenakudliwa esiswini sethu, iyahlukana ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye ngokuchanekileyo ngenxa yenkqubo yayo ecothayo, inefuthe elihle kakhulu ekugayweni kokutya kwaye mhlawumbi iintsalela ezingatyiwayo esiswini sethu.
Uninzi lwenu lukhe lwalamba emva kokusela oku okanye laa manzi amaminerali, nto leyo isiphumo esichanekileyo sokufumana amanzi amaminerali endalo kunye nokugaya okulungileyo. Nangona kunjalo, andifuni ukubiza ukuba amanzi amaminerali, mhlawumbi anomxholo obalulekileyo we-carbonic acid yendalo, ayilona iyeza elifanelekileyo le nto okanye eso sifo. Ndiyishiya loo nto koogqirha kwaye ndincoma kwakhona ukuba amanzi amaminerali akufanele agwetywe ngendlela ekhazimula ngayo, kodwa ngendlela ugqirha ancoma ngayo le nto okanye eso sifo.
Amanye amanzi anezimbiwa nawo afanele ukuba aqwalaselwe ngalawa abizwa ngokuba yi-radioactive water. Kutshanje, kuye kwakho ihlazo elikhulu lokuba, kamsinya nje emva kokuba amanye amanzi equlathe inani elincinci leeyunithi zemache, igama elithi amanzi ane-radioactive kakhulu sele lisetyenziswa kumaphecana, iilebhile kunye neeprospectus ezinemizobo ebalaseleyo. Nangona kunjalo, sinokufumana ngcono umbono wendlela ekhangeleka ngayo ukuba sithelekisa i-radioactivity yabo namanzi ane-radioactive ngokwenene, umzekelo ngamanzi e-Jáchymov.
Onke la manzi, nangona i-radioactivity yawo yomzuzu ubungakanani ayinakuba nampembelelo kwaphela ekunyangeni, iqulethe iiyunithi ezingama-40 ze-mache, eziya kuba ngumfanekiso ofanelekileyo ukuba isikali seeyunithi ze-mache sifundwe njengoko uninzi lwabathengi abangenalwazi bekholelwa ngokwengqondo, ukusuka kwelinye. ukuya kwikhulu.
Ngoko ke, ukuze sikwazi ukuthelekisa ngokufanelekileyo i-radioactivity yala manzi, kufuneka sichaze umxholo wamanzi aseJáchymovská, aqukethe iiyunithi ezingama-600 ze-mache. Nangona kunjalo, le radioactivity ifanelekile kuphela xa usebenzisa amanzi kumthombo, kungekhona ngamanzi athunyelwe, kuba i-radioactivity iyanyamalala emanzini kwiintsuku ezingama-3-4.
Kanye njengoko kukho indawo yendalo, amanzi amaminerali, iityuwa zendalo zonyango nazo zithathelwa indawo. Uthini umahluko phakathi kweetyuwa zamaminerali okwenene kunye neemveliso ezenziweyo, sinokuqinisekiswa ngakumbi ngeengcamango zeengcali ezidumileyo zehlabathi, ezithi ityuwa yendalo ayinakulinganiswa kwaye ayinakuthathelwa indawo nayiphi na ityuwa eyenziweyo.
